Leer stacker



y 1934- E. F. ANGER 1,957,573

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29, 1932 7 Sheets-Sheet '7 wn a r N 0 A T F r W 4 d & r a w Fr V V V Patented May 8, 1934 LEER STACKER Edward Francis Anger, London, England, assignor to The Standard Bottle Company Limited,

London, England Appiication November 29, 1932, Serial No. 644,885 In Great Britain April 11, 1932 22 Claims.

This invention relates to heat treatment furnaces and more particularly to annealing furnaces or leers as used for annealing bottles, jars and like glass containers.

5 An object of the invention is to provide improved means for mechanically charging the ware as it is delivered from the machine (the bottle blowing machine in the case of bottles) into the annealing furnace or leer (hereinafter re- 13 ferr d to simply as a leer).

To the attainment of this object the invention provides what may be termed a leer stacker comprising, in combination, a conveyor extending across the entrance to the leer and adapted to 15 receive the ware from the machine, a plurality of sweeps or equivalent movable across the conveyor to intercept and sweep the ware into the leer, and means for operating said sweeps or equivalent in a predetermined sequence.

There is or may be associated with the conveyor a device for temporarily delaying the passage of the ware on or to the conveyor, the said device being arranged for operation in timed relation to the sweeps. This device may be operated mechanically but is preferably operated by compressed air.

A feature of the invention is the disposition of the so-called sweeps across the entrance to the leer in such a way as normally to close the said entrance, whereby the heat in the leer is conserved in addition to which fluctuations of temperature which might have a deleterious effect upon the contents of the leer are minimized.

The sweeps may have vertically extending shafts mounted for turning movement in axially displaceable guide tubes, there being a pin and cam-slot connection between each shaft and its pertaining tube so that axial movement of the ube produces a turning movement of the sweep. 46 As hereinafter more fully explained, the sweeps are conveniently operated by cam mechanism and the preferred arrangement is such that they are positively opened and also positively closed, no return springs being necessary. It is advisable to avoid the use of springs, which are not unfailingly successful or positive in their actiona point of significance where different mechanisms have to operate in strictly timed relation.

Provision may be made for adjusting the cams individually to vary the sequence of opening and closing of the sweeps, and the sweeps themselves may be readily detachable from their shafts to enable others of different sizes and shapes to be substituted to suit the ware to be stacked. Further, provision may be made for readily varying the number of sweeps and their mountings disposed across the entrance to the leer to suit the size of the ware and/or the output speed of the machine.

Another feature of the stacker is the provision of means in association with the conveyor for guiding the ware rectilinearly in its travel thereon, said means being preferably adjustable to suit ware of different sizes.

It is inconvenient and even impracticable to drive the stacker from the same prime mover that drives the machine and for this reason the stacker is generally driven by a separate prime mover. This gives rise to the problem of maintaining synchronism between the two drives and the invention may include means for this purpose.

Preferably the means is operated by compressed air and is such that any substantial departure from synchronism between the two drives momentarily declutches the stacker from its prime mover, thereby allowing sufficient slip to regain synchronism.

In one construction the said means consists of a synchronizer or speed controller comprising twin compressed air cylinders, one connected with an air valve controlled by the machine timer and the other connected with an air valve controlled by the camshafts operating the sweeps, and a yoke mounted for swivelling movement on an axially displaceable portion of the clutch shaft of the prime mover driving the stacker and connected to the pistons of the twin air cylinders, whereby air admitted to either of the cylinders singly results simply in an idle swivelling movement of the yoke, but air admitted to both of the cylinders simultaneously (as occurs if the machine and stacker get out of step) results in a bodily displacement of the yoke to declutch the said prime mover.

In order that the invention may be clearly understood, an embodiment thereof is illustrated by way of example on the accompanying drawings to which reference will now be made and whereon:

Fig. l is an elevation of the stacker;

Fig. 2 is a plan corresponding to Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is an end elevation corresponding to Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a cross section through the stacker on the line 44 of Fig. 1 viewed in the direction of the arrows;

Figs. 5, Sand 7 show the synchronizer or speed controller in sectional elevation, plan and cross section respectively;

Fig. 8 is a schematic view illustrative of the action of the controller;

Fig. 9 is a theoretical diagram of part of the cam connected with the sweep camshafts and controlling the supply of air to one of the twin cylinders of the controller;

Fig. 10 is a theoretical diagram of a cam mounted on the same camshaft as the machine timing cams; and

Fig. 11 shows the two theoretical cam diagrams of Figs. 9 and 10 in superimposed relation.

A denotes the ware forming machine, which may be of any type, and B'denotes the leer having a conveyor bed B upon which the ware delivered from the machine is to be stacked for passage through the leer. The machine A is equipped with ware forming units and with suitable means controlling the forming operations so that the articles of ware are delivered at definite intervals one after another. These features form no part of the present invention.

The ware delivered by the machine A is fed, by a suitable conveyor and a turntable 21 equipped with a curved guide rail 21a, to a leer stacker comprised of a conveyor 22 extending across the entrance to the leer, and a plurality of vertically extending sweeps 23 mounted side by side so as normally to close the entrance to the leer but movable to and fro across the conveyor 22.

Said conveyor 22 may be of various constructions, but is shown as being of the roller type, the rollers being journalled in side cheeks 24 and having sprockets 25 disposed in staggered relation and in two rows. The sprockets are driven by two endless chains 26.

Each sweep 23, which is curved as shown, is detachably fixed to a shaft 27 journalled in a frame 28 erected at the front of the leer. The upper end of each shaft 27 projects into a rotatably mounted sleeve 29 and is connected with the latter by a pin 30 on the shaft engaging a camslot 31 in the sleeve, the arrangement being such that upon the sleeve being displaced axially the shaft, and therefore the sweep connected to the same, are compelled to turn.

Up and down movement of the sleeves 29 in determined sequence to produce corresponding oscillatory movements of the sweeps 23, is effected by cams 32 removably and adjustably secured on horizontal shafts 33. The cams are arranged in two sets, one set being utilized for effecting upward movement of the sleeves and the other set for effecting downward or return movement of the sleeves. In this way the use of return springs is avoided. The cams are adapted to engage tappets 34 which may be adjustable on rockers 35, the end of each rocker remote from the tappet engaging between spaced pins or rollers 36 on the pertaining sleeve.

37 denotes the plunger of a ware arresting or stopping device, which plunger is displaceable in a compressed air cylinder 38 across the path of the conveyor 22 in opposition to springs 39. Also associated with the stacker is a guide rail 70 for guiding the ware rectilinearly in its travel on the conveyor 22. This rail can be adjusted and set in different positions to suit the size of ware being stacked by means of adjusting screws '71 threaded through a fixed cross bar '72.

The conveyor 22 is driven from a motor 40 through gearing as follows:from the motor drive pinion 41 to a pinion 42 fixed on the axially displaceable portion 43 of the clutch shaft 43, 43a; from a pinion 44 on the clutch shaft portion 43a to a gear wheel 45 on an auxiliary shaft 431);

and from chain sprockets 46 on the last mentioned shaft and chains 47 to sprockets 48 on one of the shafts of the conveyor chains 26.

The drive for the camshafts 33 operating the sweeps 23 is also obtained from said motor 40 through gearing as followsz-from a worm a9 on the clutch shaft portion 43a to a worm wheel 50;

from a pinion 51 on the shaft of the worm wheel to a gear 52 on one of the camshafts; and from the last mentioned gear to a similar gear 53 on the other of the camshafts.

On the clutch shaft 43, 43a is a clutch 54, 540, which cooperates with a synchronizer designated generally 55 and shown in detail in Figs. 5, 6, '7 and 8.

Referring now more particularly to the last mentioned figures, it will be seen that the controller has two compressed air cylinders 56, 57 in which pistons 53, 59 are displaceable, these pistons being connected with a yoke 60 mounted for swivelling movement on the axially movable portion 4-3 of the clutch shaft to which portion is fixed the member 54 of the clutch, said men her having a facing 61 frictionally to engage the other clutch member 5411 fixed on the portion 3 43a of the clutch shaft. A spring 62 urges the yoke in a direction to engage the clutch.

Compressed air can be supplied from a suitabe source to the cylinder 56 through a bleeder valve 63 (see Figs. 3 and 8) and a pipe line 64.

Compressed air can also be supplied from a suitable source to the cylinder 57 through a bleeder valve 65 (see Fig. 8) and a pipe line 66. The first mentioned bleeder valve 63 also controls the supply of compressed air through a pipe line 67 to the cylinder 33 of the ware arresting or stopping device associated with the stacker conveyor 22. This bleeder valve is operated by a cam 68 driven from the gear 53 and the said cam 68 has as many rises as there are sweeps (ten in the illustration). The second mentioned bleeder valve 65 is operated by a cam 69 on the timing camshaft of the machine A.

In operation the conveyor 22 and the sweep camshafts 33 are driven by the motor 40 through the mechanism hereinbefore described, and the delivery conveyor 20 and the rotary turntable 21 are also driven by any suitable means such as the electric motor 73 (Fig. 1). Owing to the disposition of the cams 32 on the rotating camshafts 33, the sweeps 23 are oscillated in a determined sequence to and fro across the stacker conveyor 22. As each sweep opens it intercepts an article released by the ware stopping device 37, 38 and conveyed thereto by the conveyor 22 and then, as the said sweep closes, that article is swept on to the conveyor bed B of the leer. Each article fed on to the conveyor 22 is arrested momentarily by the device 37, 38 the plunger 37 of which is projected across the conveyor by compressed air admitted to the cylinder 38. At the proper time, as determined by the cam 63 operating the bleeder valve 65, the supply of compressed air is interrupted and the plunger 37 is withdrawn by the springs 39 to allow the article to continue its travel towards the sweep which is then opened to receive it.

Manifestly the sequence of opening and closing the sweeps may be determined as desired. Assuming there are 10 sweeps, we have found a suitable sequence to be 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 2, 4, 6, 8, l3, and when this sequence is adopted the articles are disposed on the conveyor bed B of the leer B as indicated in Fig. 2.

As the machine A and the stacker described are driven from separate prime movers, it becomes necessary to maintain substantial synchronism between the two drives and this is effected by the so-called synchronizer or speed controller hereinbefore described with particular reference to Figs. 5, 6, 7 and 8.

Referring to the diagrammatic showing (Fig. 8), it should be noted that the cam 68, which controls the bleeder valve 63 through which air is passed to the cylinder 56 of the controller and to the cylinder 38 of the ware arresting device, travels a distance in corresponding to one complete cam length in the same time that the cam 69 on the machine timer shaft completes one revolution, assuming perfect synchronism between the stacker drive and the machine drive. (As already pointed out, the cam 69 controls the bleeder valve by which air is passed to the other cylinder 57 of the controller.) Now, it will be seen that in Fig. 8 the valve 63 is on the point of closing to cut off the supply of air to the controller cylinder, 56 and to the cylinder 38 of the Ware arresting device. Immediately after this happens, the other bleeder valve 65 is opened under the action of the cam 69 and passes air to the controller cylinder 57, whereby the yoke 60 is rocked from the position shown to the position indicated by the dotted centre line This movement of the yoke is an idle movement which does not produce any axial displacement of the portion 43 of the clutch shaft. As the cams continue to travel, the bleeder valve 65 again closes to cut oif the air supply to the controller cylinder 57 and this is immediately followed by re-opening of the bleeder valve 63 to admit air to the cylinder 38 of the ware arresting device and to the controller cylinder 56, whereby the yoke 60 is rocked back idly to the position shown in full lines. This happens at each revolution of the cam 69 and at each corresponding movement as of the cam 68, the yoke merely rocking idly so long as synchronism is maintained. If, on the contrary, the speed of the cam 68 exceeds the correct speed by any appreciable amount, it will result in both bleeder valves 63 and 65 being opened for a fraction of a second together, so that compressed air will be admitted to both cylinders 56, 5'7 of the controller, resulting in a bodily displacement of the yoke 60 and axial movement of the shaft portion 43 in opposition to the spring 62 which causes opening of the clutch 54, 54a and momentarily arrests the positive drive of the stacker to restore synchronism.

The action can best be explained with reference to the theoretical cam diagrams Figs. 9, 10 and 11. In Fig. 9 one complete portion a: of the cam 68 is developed as a complete circular cam making one revolution in the same time that the cam 69 (Fig. 10) also makes one revolution. lhe length of cam depression in Fig. 9 is represei ted by r and the length of cam rise by t. In Fig. 10 the length of rise of the cam 69 is represented by 2. In Fig. 11 the two cams as and 69 are shown in superimposed relation and it will be seen that the depression 1" of can a: exceeds the rise 2 of cam 69 by an amount .9. During the period of travel 3 of the two cams in synchronisrn both bleeder valves 63 and 65 will obviously be closed, followed during the con inued rotation of the cams by opening of the bleeder valve 65, followed by opening of the bleeder valve 63. But if the speed of rotation of the cam ac overtakes the speed of rotation of the cam 69, the dwell or distance 8 will become less and may even disappear. So soon as it disappears both cams will operate at the same instant to open both bleeder valves, with the result hereinbefore stated, namely the slipping of the clutch 54, 54a to disconnect the stacker in order to restore it to correct speed.

As an example it may be assumed that the cam 68 is arranged to make one complete revolution in 30 seconds and, since there are 10 complete cam lengths, the bleeder valve 63 will be operated once every 3 seconds. Each cam rise t is made so as to admit air to the controller cylinder 56 for two-thirds of each cam length as, that is for two-thirds of 3 seconds, or 2 seconds. makes one revolution every 3 seconds and its cam rise a is designed to admit air to the controller cylinder 57 for one-quarter of its length, that is for seconds. It follows from Fig. 11 that for the period 5 of .25 seconds both cylinders 56 and 57 are free of air and the yoke 60 remains stationary. If the earn a: advances over the other until the dwell or inactive period .9 of .25 seconds is eliminated, the clutch will slip because air will then be admitted to both cylinders 56 and 57 at the same time.

When using an electric drive for the timer of the machine A and a separate electric drive for the leer stacker we have found it practicable to employ a single synchronizer or speed controller on the stacker drive by initially arranging for th stacker speed to be very slightly in excess of that of the machine and allowing the controller to automatically reduce this speed to synchronism, but if desired, a controller similar On the other hand, the cam 69' to that described may be provided for the machine timer drive.

Finally, it will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that various constructional modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the claims that follow.

I claim: 1. A leer stacker comprising, in combination,

an endless conveyor adapted to extend across the entrance to the leer and to receive the ware to be stacked, driving means for said conveyor, a plurality of closure members for said entrance, means mounting said members for independent movement across said conveyor to intercept and sweep the traveling were into the leer, and

means for mechanically and positively cperatin said members in any predetermined sequence and timed relation.

2. A leer stacker comprising, in combination a conveyor adapted to extend across the entrance to the leer to receive the ware to be stacked, driving means for said conveyor, a plurality of members, means mounting said members for indep ndent movement across said contrance to the leer and to receive the ware to be stacked, driving means for said conveyor, a 71 plurality of members, means mounting said members for independent movement across said conveyor to intercept and sweep the ware into the leer, means for operating said members in a predetermined sequence, a device movable to vice in timed relation to said members.

4. A leer stacker comprising, in combination, a conveyor adapted to extend across the entrance to the leer and to receive the ware to be stacked, driving means for said conveyor, 2. plurality of members turnably mounted side by side and normally positioned to form a closure for the leer entrance but movable across said conveyor to intercept and sweep the ware into the leer, and means for operating said members ina predetermined sequence.

5. A leer stacker comprising, in combination, a conveyor adapted to extend across the en trance to the leer and to receive the ware to be stacked, driving means for said conveyor, a plurality of members turnably mounted side by side and normally positioned to form a closure for the leer entrance but movabe across said conveyor to intercept and sweep the ware into the leer, means for operating said members in a predetermined sequence, a device movable to project into the path of travel of the ware temporarily to delay its passage to said members, and means for operating said device in timed relation to said members.

6. A leer stacker comprising, in combination, a conveyor adapted to extend across the entrance to the leer and to receive the were to be stacked, driving means for said conveyor, a plurality of members turnably mounted side by side and normally positioned to form a closure for the leer entrance but movable across said conveyor to intercept and sweep the ware into the leer, means for operating said members in a predetermined sequence, a device movable to project into the path of travel of the ware temporarily to delay its passage to said members, and pressure fluid means for operating said device in timed relation to said members.

7. A leer stacker comprising, in combination, an endless conveyor adapted to extend across the entrance to the leer and to receive the ware to be stacked, driving means for said conveyor, a plurality of closure members for said entrance mounted for independent movement across the said conveyor to intercept and sweep the traveling ware into the leer, and cam mechanism whereby said members can be operated in any predetermined sequence and timed relation from said conveyor driving means.

8. A leer stacker comprising, in combination, a conveyor adapted to extend across the entrance to the leer and to receive the ware to be stacked, driving means for said conveyor, a plurality of members mounted for independent movement across said conveyor to intercept and sweep the ware into the leer, cam mechanism whereby said members can be operated in a predetermined sequence from said conveyor driving means, a device movable to project into the path of travel or the ware temporarily to delay its passage to said members, and means for operating said device in timed relation to said members.

9. A leer stacker comprising in combination an endless conveyor adapted to extend across the entrance to the leer and to receive the ware to be stacked, driving means for said conveyor, a

termined sequence and timed relation from said conveyor driving means, and means for individually adjusting the cams of said mechanism to vary the sequence of the operation of said members.

10. A leer stacker comprising, in combination, a conveyor adapted to extend across the entrance to the leer and to receive the ware to be stacked,

driving means for said conveyor, a plurality of members, means mounting said members for movement to and fro across said conveyor to intercept and sweep the ware into the leer, cam mechanism for operating said members in a predetermined sequence from said conveyor driving means, means for individually adjusting the cams of said mechanism to vary the sequence of the operation of said members, a device movable to project into the path of travel of the ware temporarily to delay its passage to said members, and pressure fluid means for operating said device in timed relation to said members.

11. A leer stacker comprising, in combination, a conveyor adapted to extend across the entrance to the leer and to receive the ware to be stacked, driving means for said conveyor, a vertically extending frame adjacent said conveyor, a plurality of spaced vertical shafts rotatably mounted in said frame, a plurality of sweeps detachably secured on said shafts and movable thereby across said conveyor to intercept and sweep the ware into the leer, and means for oscillating said shafts in a predetermined sequence to effect said movements.

12. A leer stacker comprising, in combination, a conveyor adapted to extend across the entrance to the leer and to receive the ware to be stacked, driving means for said conveyor, a vertically extending frame adjacent said conveyor, a plurality of spaced vertical shafts rotatably mounted in said frame, a plurality of sweeps detachably secured on said shafts and movable thereby across said conveyor to intercept and sweep the were into the leer, cam mechanism operable from said conveyor driving means for oscillating said shafts in a predetermined sequence to effect said movements, a device movable to project into the path of travel of the ware temporarily to delay its passage to said sweeps, and means for operating said device in time relation to said sweeps.

13. A leer stacker comprising, in combination, a conveyor adapted to extend across the entrance to the leer and to receive the were to be stacked, driving means for said conveyor, a vertically extending frame adjacent said conveyor, a plurality of spaced vertical shafts rotatably mounted in said frame, a plurality of sweeps detachably secured on said shafts and movable thereby across said conveyor to intercept and sweep the ware into the leer, cam mechanism for oscillating said shafts in a predetermined sequence to effect said movements, and means for individually adjusting the cams of said mechanism to vary the sequence of the operation of said sweeps.

14. A leer stacker comprising, in combination, a conveyor adapted to extend across the entrance to the leer and to receive the were to be stacked, driving means for said conveyor, a vertically extending frame adjacent said conveyor, a plurality of spaced vertical shafts rotatably mounted in said frame, a plurality of sweeps detachably secured on said shafts and normally positioned to form a closure to the leer entrance but movable by said shafts across said conveyor to intercept and sweep the ware into the leer, and cam mechanism for oscillating said shafts in a predetermined sequence to effect said movements.

15. The combination with a ware forming machine of a mechanical ware stacker comprising an endless conveyor to receive the ware, a plurality of members, means mounting said members for independent movement across the conveyor to intercept and sweep the ware therefrom, a mechanical drive for said conveyor and for said members independently of the machine drive, mechanism connecting said members with their drive ensuring their operation in any pre-selected sequence and timed relation, means for automatically maintaining synchronism between said stacker and machine drives, a device movable to project over said conveyor temporarily to delay the passage of the ware to said members, and means for operating said device in timed relation to said members.

16. The combination with a ware forming ma chine and a leer to receive the ware of a mechanical leer stacker comprising a ware conveyor to extend across the entrance to the leer, a plurality of members mounted for movement in any pre-selected sequence across said conveyor to intercept and sweep the ware into the leer, mechanical driving means for said conveyor and said members including a two-part drive shaft, coasting and relatively displaceable clutch members operatively connecting said parts, pressure fluid actuated means controllable jointly by said machine and said stacker for automatically displacing said clutch members to maintain the speed of said stacker in conformity with that of said machine, a device movable over said conveyor temporarily to delay the passage of the ware to said members, and means for operating said device in timed relation to said members.

17. The combination with a separately driven ware-forming machine of a leer stacker comprising a ware conveyor, a plurality of sweeps turnably mounted above the conveyor and movable across the same to intercept and sweep the ware therefrom, cam mechanism for operating said sweeps in a predetermined sequence, a drive for said cam mechanism and said conveyor including a two-part drive shaft one part being axially displaceable, coacting friction clutch members on the parts of said shaft, a yoke pivoted on said axially displaceable part, twin pressure-flind cylinders, pistons displaceable therein and connected with said yoke, and separately controllable valves for admitting pressure fluid to said cylinders one of said valves being controlled by the stacker mechanism and the other by th ware-forming machine.

18. The combination with a separately driven ware-forming machine of a leer stacker comprising a ware conveyor, a plurality of sweeps turnably mounted above the conveyor and movable across the same to intercept and sweep the ware therefrom, cam mechanism for operating said sweeps in a predetermined sequence, a drive for said cam mechanism and said conveyor including a two-part drive shaft one part being axially displaceable, coacting friction clutch members on the parts of said shaft, a yoke pivoted on said axially displaceable part, twin pressure-fluid cylinders, pistons displaceable therein and connected with said yoke, separately controllable valves for admitting pressure fluid to said cylinders, one of said valves being controlled by the stacker mechanism and the other by the ware-forming machine, a device movable to project across said conveyor and temporarily delay the passage of the ware to said members, and means for operating said device in timed relation to said members.

19. A leer stacker comprising a conveyor, a frame extending vertically above said conveyor, spaced vertical shafts turnably mounted in said frame, sleeves axially displaceable on said shafts, pin and slot connections between said sleeves and said shafts whereby axial movement of said sleeves produces turning movements of said shafts, sweeps detachably secured on said shafts and thereby movable across said conveyor, camshafts journalled in said frame, cams adjustably mounted on said shafts for effecting axial reciprocal movements of said sleeves in predeter mined sequence, a drive shaft, and gearing connecting said drive shaft with said cam shafts and with said conveyor.

20. A leer stacker comprising a conveyor, a frame extending vertically above said conveyor, spaced vertical shafts turnably mounted in said frame, sleeves axially displaceable on said shafts, pin and slot connections between said sleeves and said shafts whereby axial movement of said sleeves produces turning movements of said shafts, sweeps detachably secured on said shafts and thereby movable across said conveyor, camshafts journalled in said frame, cams adjustably mounted on said shafts for effecting axial reciprocal movements of said sleeves in predetermined sequence, a drive shaft, gearing connecting said drive shaft with said cam shafts and with said conveyor, and a device movable intermittently to project over said conveyor for temporarily delaying the passage of the ware to said sweeps.

21. A leer stacker comprising a conveyor, a frame extending vertically above said conveyor,

spaced vertical shafts turnably mounted in said frame, sleeves axially displaceable on said shafts, pin and slot connections between said sleeves and said shafts whereby axial movement of said sleeves produces turning movements of said shafts, sweeps detachably secured on said shafts sleeves produces turning movements of said shafts, sweeps detachably secured on said shafts and thereby movable across said conveyor, camshafts journalled in said frame, cams adjustably mounted on said shafts for effecting axial reciprocal movements of said sleeves in predetermined sequence, a drive shaft, gearing connecting said drive shaft with said camshafts and. with said conveyor, a device movable intermittently to project over said conveyor for temporarily delaying the passage of the ware to said sweeps, and

speed synchronizing means associated with said drive shaft.

EDWARD FRANCIS ANGER. 

